The t-test compares the means of two groups to determine if they are significantly different.
H₀: μ₁ = μ₂ (no difference). If |t| > 1.96, reject H₀ at 95% confidence.
Welch's t-test is used here — no assumption of equal variances.
A t-test compares the means of two groups. If the t-statistic exceeds the critical value, the difference is statistically significant.
p < 0.05 is the conventional threshold for statistical significance.