Net Income = Revenue − COGS − Operating Expenses − Taxes. The bottom line of any business.
Gross margin, operating margin and net margin tell different stories about business health.
This calculator earns its keep at decision points: before accepting a loan, comparing investment platforms, or negotiating salary. The difference between the headline figure and the true cost or return is only visible with accurate arithmetic.
A frequent error is using annual rates where monthly rates are required (or vice versa). Simply dividing an annual rate by 12 is only an approximation — the correct conversion for compound calculations uses the (1 + r)^(1/12) − 1 formula.
A first-time buyer models three scenarios before making an offer: 10%, 15%, and 20% deposit on a £280,000 property. The calculator shows exactly how the monthly payment and total interest cost change with each deposit level, making the decision visible rather than speculative.
Gross income = revenue minus COGS. Net income = gross income minus all other expenses and taxes.